{"id":13787,"date":"2021-05-26T17:30:07","date_gmt":"2021-05-26T17:30:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/brettunsvillage.com\/leather\/leather-terminology\/"},"modified":"2024-02-01T15:26:36","modified_gmt":"2024-02-01T20:26:36","slug":"leather-terminology","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/brettunsvillage.com\/leather\/leather-terminology\/","title":{"rendered":"Leather Terminology"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:29% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/woocommerce-721960-3895140.cloudwaysapps.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/hideterms.jpg\" alt=\"Terms of the hide\" class=\"wp-image-26265 size-full\"\/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>Listed below are some common terms used when describing leathers or tanning processes.&nbsp; There are many, many more terms that get tossed around.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Altered Leather<\/strong><br>Leather with its original surface of the skin or hide removed to get rid of imperfections in the original grain surface.&nbsp; A new grain can be embossed into the leather.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Aniline Finish<\/strong><br>Drum-dyed leather finished to have a soft feel, usually coated with protein, resin, lacquer or waxes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Brush Colored<\/strong><br>The application of dyestuff to leather being laid on a table, with a brush.&nbsp; Some also call this &#8216;hand tipping&#8217;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Buffed<\/strong><br>Leather that has been sueded and can also be referred to as snuffed, nubuck or grain-sueded leather.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Calf Hide<\/strong><br>Leather taken from an immature bovine.&nbsp; Calf hides are broken down further based on size of the hide:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Kip<\/strong>:&nbsp; Calf hide that is less than 14.75 square feet<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Extreme<\/strong>:&nbsp; Calf hide that is between 14.75 sq ft and 18 sq ft<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Chrome Tanned<\/strong><br>Leather tanned in chromium salts resulting in soft and mellow hides receptive to excellent color variety.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Cordovan<\/strong><br>Leather made from the tight, firm shell portion of horse butts that has fine pores and a characteristic finish.&nbsp; We sell this type of leather&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/brettunsvillage.com\/leather\/sides.htm\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Crock<\/strong><br>The coloring matter that rubs off of poorly dyed leather.&nbsp; If it peels off the surface or you find it on your hands after handling, your leather is crocking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Crust<\/strong><br>Leather that has been tanned but not finished.&nbsp; Crust leathers are often colored\/dyed, but no finishing oils or treatments have been added.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Cowhide<\/strong><br>OK, this may seem obvious, but cowhide is the hide of a cow.&nbsp; Rocket science.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Degrained Leather<\/strong><br>Leather from which the grain has been removed after tanning, by splitting, abrading or other process.&nbsp; Very smooth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Drawn Grain<\/strong><br>Shrunken, shriveled or wrinkled grain surface of leather.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Distressed<\/strong><br>Buffing surface to create uneven coloration and markings for a weathered look<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Embossed<\/strong><br>Prints, commonly reptile or western patterns, are heat and\/or pressure pressed onto leather surface.&nbsp; Some will use this term interchangeably with words like &#8216;plated&#8217; or &#8216;fake grain.&#8217;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Fat Wrinkle<\/strong><br>Wrinkles in the grain of leather caused by fat deposits in the animal.&nbsp; Yet another reason to get your cows into a gym.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Finish<\/strong><br>A surface application on the leather to color, protect, or mask imperfections.&nbsp; Glossy clear coats, for example.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Full Grain<\/strong><br>The outside original skin or hide that has had the hair removed, but has not been corrected or altered. It possesses the original grain of the animal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Grain<\/strong><br>The outside of the hide or skin consisting of the pores, wrinkles and other characteristics that constitutes the natural texture of the leather.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Grain, Embossed<\/strong><br>An artificial grain pressed into the surface of top grain leather with original grain removed.&nbsp; Like plated leathers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Glazed Finish<\/strong><br>Surface is polished to a high luster by pressurized glass or steel rollers, to yield something like patent leathers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Leather<\/strong><br>A generic term used for all kinds of tanned animal hides or skins.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Matte Finish<\/strong><br>A flat or dull finish.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Mineral Tanned<\/strong><br>Leather tanned by mineral substances like the salts of chromium\/ aluminum\/ zirconium.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Napa<\/strong><br>Commonly refers to the surface or top grain of any soft leather hide.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Natural Grain<\/strong><br>A leather that retains the full original grain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nubuck<\/strong><br>Lightly buffed top grain to a very fine nap that appears smoother than suede.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Oil Tanned<\/strong><br>Leather tanned with fish oils giving a soft and pliable leather like chamois.&nbsp; Luckily, it doesn&#8217;t smell fishy at all.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Patent<\/strong><br>Heavily finished to give a highly lustrous, shiny appearance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pearlized<\/strong><br>Spray-on finish giving pearlized (shimmery) effect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pigskin<\/strong><br>From pigs or hogs, commonly used for suede.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Perforated<\/strong><br>The process of punching, piercing, or die cutting small holes to form a pattern in the leather.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Plating, Plated Leather<\/strong><br>Pressing leather with a heated metal plate under high pressure.&nbsp; Similar to embossing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Reconstituted Leather<\/strong><br>Material composed of collagen fibers obtained from ground up hide pieces that have been constructed into a fibrous mat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Saddle Leather<\/strong><br>Vegetable-tanned cattlehide leather for harnesses and saddles, usually of a natural tan shade and rather flexible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Shearling<\/strong><br>Natural lamb\/sheep pelts with the leather side often dyed and the hair typically cropped (sheared) to some uniform length.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Side (or Side Leather)<\/strong><br>Half of a full cowhide, cut right up the backbone.&nbsp; In general, sides run about 18 to 22 square feet of total surface area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Split<\/strong><br>When a thick hide is split, the term refers to the top surface which looks like suede but is not as soft.&nbsp; Splits are left overs, but can be made into excellent leathers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Suede<\/strong><br>Leathers that are finished by buffing the underside of a hide to produce a velvet-like nap.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Snuffed<\/strong><br>The grain surface abraded with brushes, emery wheel or sandpaper. It is done to remove defective grain or for sueding the surface of leather.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Top Grain<\/strong><br>The outside surface of the animal, often buffed or sanded to smooth the top of the leather and make it uniform and smooth.&nbsp; Some top grain leathers are embossed with imitation patterns (lizard, gator, etc).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Trim or Trimmings<\/strong><br>The removal of parts of a skin or hide not suitable for making leather, such as portions on the outer edges.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Unfinished Leather<\/strong><br>An aniline-dyed, naked leather with no additional application intended to finish, color or treat in a way that would alter the natural characteristics of the leather.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Weight<\/strong><br>The weight of leather is measured in ounces per square foot.&nbsp; More information on thickness is available&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/brettunsvillage.com\/leather\/conversions.html\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>How Many Square Feet Do I Need?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you know how many yards of fabric you&#8217;re going to need you can convert this to standard, full hides of upholstery cowhide using the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Each yard of 54&#8243; fabric = 18 square feet of leather<br>Each yard of 50&#8243; fabric = 16 square feet of leather<br>Each yard of 36&#8243; fabric = 12 square feet of leather<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Keep in mind that with leather, no matter how efficient you are at laying out and cutting the various pieces, roughly 20-25% of the hide will NOT be useable.<br>Number of Square feet x 1.25 = Approx. square feet of leather you need to order<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Listed below are some common terms used when describing leathers or tanning processes.&nbsp; There are many, many more terms that get tossed around. Altered LeatherLeather with its original surface of the skin or hide removed to get rid of imperfections in the original grain surface.&nbsp; A new grain can be embossed into the leather. Aniline [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"parent":13773,"menu_order":-6,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"27977,27973,27967,27969,27963,27958","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","footnotes":""},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Leather Terminology | Brettuns Village<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/brettunsvillage.com\/leather\/leather-terminology\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Leather Terminology | Brettuns Village\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Listed below are some common terms used when describing leathers or tanning processes.&nbsp; There are many, many more terms that get tossed around. 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